The Theosophical Society (1875): Helena Blavatsky, Henry Olcott and the Mahatma Letters

History and Background

On November 17, 1875, a small group of intellectuals gathered at 36 East Fourth Street in New York City to formally establish what would become one of the most influential occult societies in history: The Theosophical Society (TS). Founding members Helena Petrovna Blavatsky and Henry Steel Olcott were joined by a handful of other like-minded individuals, including William Quan Judge. The society’s primary aim was to explore Eastern spiritual philosophies and promote a universal brotherhood of humanity.

Key Events or Sightings

The events that surrounded the founding and early years of the TS are shrouded in mystery and intrigue. One of the most notable is the so-called “Mahatma Letters,” which were allegedly written by two Mahatmas—spiritual adepts known only as Koot Hoomi and Morya—to Madam Blavatsky.

The Arrival of Henry Olcott

On August 17, 1879, Henry Steel Olcott—a prominent American lawyer and journalist—arrived in Madras (now Chennai), India. His arrival was not accidental; Olcott had been enticed by the reports of a series of alleged séances conducted by Blavatsky, which were reported to be successful and supernatural in nature. By November 1879, Olcott officially joined the Theosophical Society.

The Mahatma Letters Controversy

In December 1880, Madam Blavatsky claimed that she had received a series of letters from two spiritual adepts known as Koot Hoomi and Morya. These so-called “Mahatmas” were alleged to be members of an esoteric brotherhood with immense knowledge and power. The letters purportedly detailed mystical teachings, historical events, and occult practices.

Witness Accounts or Evidence

The authenticity and validity of the Mahatma Letters remain a subject of intense debate among scholars and enthusiasts alike. Here are some key accounts:

Blavatsky’s Claims

Blavatsky claimed that she would receive these letters in their entirety but only reveal excerpts to ensure the privacy of the correspondents. She maintained that the letters were written in Sanskrit, then translated into English.

Olcott’s Involvement

Olcott initially supported Blavatsky’s claims and even participated in the process of receiving and translating the letters. However, their relationship soured as doubts began to arise about the authenticity of the communications.

Investigations or Research

Several investigations have been conducted over the years to determine the origin of the Mahatma Letters:

Scientific Examinations

In 1896, a committee of scientists from the American Association for the Advancement of Science examined the letters. They concluded that they were most likely written by Blavatsky and her co-worker, Henry Olcott.

Modern Forensic Analysis

More recent forensic analyses using modern technology have also suggested that the handwriting and ink used in the letters are consistent with those known to be produced by Blavatsky. However, these findings do not definitively prove their authenticity.

The Current Status / Ongoing Mystery

Despite the overwhelming evidence suggesting a human origin for the Mahatma Letters, many adherents of the Theosophical Society still believe that they were indeed written by spiritual adepts. This belief continues to shape the society’s teachings and practices today.

Frequently Asked Questions (5 Q&A pairs)

Q: Were Henry Olcott and Helena Blavatsky close friends?

A: Initially, their relationship was warm and cooperative. However, as doubts about the authenticity of the Mahatma Letters grew, their friendship deteriorated, leading to a public break in 1885.

Q: Why did Henry Olcott leave the Theosophical Society?

A: Olcott’s growing skepticism about the letters led him to question Blavatsky’s claims. Their relationship became strained, and he eventually resigned from the society, citing disagreements over its direction and practices.

Q: What evidence supports the claim that the Mahatma Letters were written by Blavatsky?

A: Forensic analyses of the handwriting and ink suggest that they are consistent with Blavatsky’s known work. However, this does not definitively prove their authenticity, as there is no direct evidence of supernatural origins.

Q: How did the Theosophical Society respond to the allegations of fraud surrounding the Mahatma Letters?

A: The society has maintained a stance that these letters are genuine and continue to use them in its teachings. This stance is supported by many members who hold spiritual beliefs over scientific scrutiny.

Q: Can modern technology help resolve the mystery of the Mahatma Letters?

A: While forensic techniques can provide insights into the writing process, they cannot definitively prove or disprove supernatural origins. The authenticity of the letters remains a topic of ongoing debate and investigation.